Two of the world’s most poisonous fungi belong to the amanita genus. The Death Cap (Amanita Phalloides) and the Destroying Angel (A. Virosa) cause body cell damage, normally fatal (Jamur dari jenis AMANITA dapat menyebabkan kerusakan sel tubuh fatal). The infamous Fly Agaric (A.Mascaria) and the Panther (A. Pantherina) cause severe poisoning. Even the edible amanita species must be properly cooked before eating as some contain chemicals that damage blood cells (beberapa mengandung zat kimia yang dapat merusak sel darah).

Several boletes are known to cause digestive system irritation (dapat menyebabkan iritasi…). Devil’s Boletus (Boletus Satanas) causes unpleasant symptoms even when taken in small amounts. Similar poisoning is caused by the Bitter Bolete (Tylopilus Felleus), Peppery Bolete (Chalciporus Piperatus) and Boletus Calopus all of which have an unpleasant peppery or bitter taste.

The Common Ink Cap (C. Atramentarius) contains coprine which if consumed with alcohol causes nausea, headaches, palpitations and collapse (mengandung coprine yang apabila dikonsumsi bersamaan dengan alcohol dapat menyebabkan nausea, sakit kepala, palpitations hingga pingsan). It is known as the ‘Antabuse Effect? Related species such as the Magpie Ink Cap (C.Picaceus), Coprinus Acuminatus and Coprinus Romagnesianus are also thought to have a similar effect. Only the Shaggy Inkcap (C. Comatus) should be trusted.

Very little is known about the edibility in this large genus. Two of them, C. Orellanoides and C. Orellanus are deadly poisonous, the whole of this genus should be avoided. Also toxic species of this genus are the Inocybes. Red Staining Inocybe (I.Patouillardii) causes death by heart failure or asphyxiation. The Straw-Coloured Inocybe (I.Fastigiata) contains the chemical muscarine which induces sweating and can also lead to death.

The Liberty Cap or Magic Mushroom affects sensory perception. Its hallucinogenic properties have been taken advantage of and when dried this fungi becomes an illegal drug.

The Common Earth-Ball (S. Citrinum) causes gastric upsets and the similar Smooth Earthball (S.Verrucosum) can cause a bad case of diarrhoea. Earth balls are often confused with edible Puffballs.

The Livid Entoloma (E. Lividum) is very poisonous causing bad gastric upsets and possible liver damage. Many other species are thought to be deadly.


On one hand fungi can be the most fascinating flowerless plants in a forest, so familiar yet so alien. But on the other, it can be the deadliest organism on earth. The Death Cap is the most dangerous fungus known to us. If even the smallest piece of the cap is eaten, there is normally no turning back. (Didalam hutan jamur dapat menjadi tanaman yang menakjubkan, sangat familiar/bersahabat akan tetapi dapat menjadi organisme paling mematikan dipermukaan bumi. Jamur dari jenis AMANITA atau The Death Cap merupakan jamur yang paling mematikan, bahkan jika hanya dikonsumsi sedikit saja)

Amanitin is a highly poisonous chemical, found in the Death Cap and other poisonous amanitas. Amanitin poisoning is NOT A PLEASANT EXPERIENCE. Symptoms do not begin for at least ten hours. Death may be delayed for as long as ten days. When the toxin finally affects the victim, it causes severe abdominal upset, followed by liver, kidney, and circulatory system failure.

The poison is usually fatal, there is no known antidote, and the progressive effect of the toxin causes the victim terrible suffering. (Akibat atau dampak keracunan jamur dari jenis AMANITA tidak terjadi dalam waktu 10 jam pertama akan tetapi kematian dapat tertunda selama 10 hari kedepannya. Ketika racunnya menyebar dapat menyebabkan gangguan abdominal, diikuti kerusakkan hati, dan kerusakkan system tubuh. Racunnya sangat berbahaya dan belum ada penawar racunnya, efek dari racun tersebut menyebabkan penderitaan yang luar biasa pada korbannya)

sumber :
http://www.geocities.com/keithdnorma...002/edible.htm

Tidak Tahu Cirinya, Jangan Dimakan
Penelitian yang dilakukan dosen pengampu bidang studi Mikro Biologi Dra Farida Yuliani MSi dibantu Dekan Drs Hendy Hendro HS MSi.
Jamur yang enak dimakan juga memiliki beberapa ciri, antara lain warna spora cokelat. Misalnya Agaricus campestris, Agoricus rodmani, dan Agaricus bitorquis banyak dibudidayakan di Dieng (Wonosobo) dan Cipanas (Jabar), Pholiota nameko ditanam di Jepang, Volvariella volvaceae (jamur merang), Auricullaria polytrica (hitam), dan Auricullaria judae (merah).

Agaricus campestris :


Pholiota nameko :


Jamur Merang (Volvariella volvaceae) :


Jamur Kuping :