Ikannya pertamanya iseng2 piara, ternyata :

Nah ini sedikit reviewnya dari para expert nya.. G rangkum dikit..



INTRODUCTION

Erythrinidae fishes include three recognized genera: Erythrinus, Hoplerythrinus and Hoplias. All of them are carnivores, preferentially living in lentic environments.

They are predatory fish living along the edges of streams, lakes and within flooded forest. All are adapted to low oxygen conditions.

Tahiras occur in tropical waters over most of their range, but they are found in somewhat colder waters in Paraguay and Argentina. Hensley and Moody (1975)




* Hoplias aimara (Valenciennes 1847).
* Hoplias malabaricus (Bloch 1794)
* Hoplias macrophthalmus (Pellegrin 1907)
* Hoplias brasiliensis (Spix & Agassiz 1829)
* Hoplias lacerdae (Miranda Ribeiro 1908)
* Hoplias microcephalus (Agassiz 1829)
* Hoplias microlepis (Günther 1864)
* Hoplias patana (Valenciennes 1847)
* Hoplias teres (Valenciennes 1847)




Hoplias aimara

Hoplias aimara (Valenciennes 1847). Erythrinidae.
Distribution: French Guiana, Venezuela, Suriname, and Brazil(?).
Max. size: 100.0 cm-123cm SL (male/unsexed; Ref. 12225); max. published weight: 40.0 kg (Ref. 12225)
Biology: Frequently occurs in counter current zones of principal rivers and creeks. Feeds mainly on fish but also on other animals that fall into the water like small terrestrial invertebrates. Is active at dusk and at night. Reproduction takes place at the onset of the rainy season from December to March. Depending on the size, the female can carry around 6,000 to 60,000 eggs (Ref. 12225). Known for the quality of its flesh (Ref. 27188).
Main Ref: Planquette, P., P. Keith and P.-Y. Le Bail. 1996. (Ref. 12225)
World Record Weight: 88.19 pounds

A distinguishing feature of the Aimara is the black spot on the opercle membrane. No other species of Hoplias has this spot.



Hoplias malabaricus --> Yang g baru piara.. Giginya mantab.. :

Hoplias malabaricus (Bloch 1794). Erythrinidae.
Distribution: Costa Rica to Argentina in most river systems: Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, French Guiana, Guyana, Paraguay, Peru, Suriname, Trinidad and Tobago, Uruguay and Venezuela.
Max. size: 48.5 cm SL (male/unsexed; Ref. 37025); max. published weight: 1,500 g (Ref. 27188)
Biology: Occurs in diverse habitats from free flowing clear water streams, well up into the valleys, to slow turbid waters, water courses, irrigation and drainage ditches, and ponds on the plains (Ref. 11225). Rests in vegetation during the day and is active at night (Ref. 6858). Adults feed on fish; juveniles feed on crustacean and insect larvae (Ref. 26543), shrimps and other small invertebrates (Ref. 12225). Spawn in pits located in shallow water at a temperature of about 26°C (Ref. 205). Males guard the nests even after the eggs have hatched (Ref. 205). Reaches more than 3 kg (Mark Fitzgerald, pers. comm., 2001). Live fish are difficult to handle and potentially dangerous because of their sharp teeth, strong jaws, and slippery bodies. --> keren yah?


[movie]http://www.youtube.com/v/u7tFL9eEtDU&hl=en[/movie]




Hoplias macrophthalmus

Hoplias macrophthalmus (Pellegrin 1907). Erythrinidae.
Distribution: Amazon and Orinoco R. basins and coastal rivers of n. South America: Breazil, French Guiana, Guyana, Suriname and Venezuela.
Max. size: 100.0 cm TL (male/unsexed; Ref. 7463); max. published weight: 13.2 kg (Ref. 40637)

Hoplias sp. aff macrophthalmus





Holplias brasiliensis
Hoplias brasiliensis (Spix & Agassiz 1829). Erythrinidae.
Distribution: Paracuaç R. basin in Bahia State, Brazil.
Max. size: 16.1 cm SL (male/unsexed; Ref. 37025)

Holplias lacerdae
Hoplias lacerdae (Miranda Ribeiro 1908). Erythrinidae.
Distribution: Ribeira de Iguape R. basin in São Paulo and Paraná states, Brazil.
Max. size: 75.0 cm SL (male/unsexed; Ref. 37025)

Holplias microcephalus
Hoplias microcephalus (Agassiz 1829). Erythrinidae.
Distribution: São Francisco R. basin, Brazil.
Max. size: 37.2 cm SL (male/unsexed; Ref. 37025)

Holplias microlepis
Hoplias microlepis (Günther 1864). Erythrinidae.
Distribution: Western slopes from Ecuador to Panama: Colombia, Ecuador and Panama.
Max. size: 36.0 cm SL (male/unsexed; Ref. 37025)

Holplias patana
Hoplias patana (Valenciennes 1847). Erythrinidae.
Distribution: French Guiana (?).

Holplias teres
Hoplias teres (Valenciennes 1847). Erythrinidae.
Distribution: Lake Maracaibo basin, Venezuela

Hoplias sp. "Black" --> yg ini ada nung? keknya keren..
Max. size: 20" to 28"+
Distribution: Rio Xingu, and sometimes Rio Tocantins, and Tapajos and lowest Amazon region
This could very well be a new species.
Hoplias sp. Black Xingu









General Husbandry


Wolf fish are generally nocturnal but can easily conditioned to a diurnal state by housing them in a tank with dim lighting and plenty of overhead cover. A mat of floating plastic plants combined with low lighting will allow you to enjoy the actions of your wolf fish at all times of the day. Specific substrates are not of paramount importance to these fish, and they will thrive with any combination of pebble, sand, or even a lack off substrate. Driftwood and smooth rocks make excellent decor for a wolf fish tank. Be sure to leave plenty of large flat areas for the fish to lie on, though.
Wolf fish are generally sedentary fish and thus do not require a great deal of swimming room. The tank depth is not critical, as these fish spend most of the time lying on the bottom or just below the surface.
As an ambush predator, wolf fish spend most of their time lying motionless amongst plants or on the tank bottom. They tend to be most active in the dark, but even then any swimming will be a function of moving to another place to lie. However, wolf fish will display awesome speed and accuracy hitting any food/prey that comes within their strike range. Still, they will wait for food to come to them most of the time or slowly stalk prey items, rather than chasing them down.

Wolf fish in general are not meticulous eaters, and as a predator will take a variety of meaty foods in the aquarium. Provide a diet composed mostly of raw tilapia filet, raw salmon filet, and raw/cooked market shrimp. Beef heart, earthworms, squid, silversides, smelt as well as live fish and crustaceans are also readily taken and help make up a good varied diet for wolf fish.

Most tankmates are out of the question for Hoplias. Even other wolf fish are rarely tolerated. Small fish will be eaten whole, and large fish will often be torn apart and at least partially consumed. Wolf fish will live with tankmates for months with no signs of aggression before killing them. While others have been able to keep wolf fish with tankmates, a species tank is usually the best way to house these fish.

This inhospitable behavior combined with the difficulty in sexing young specimens makes breeding these fish in the home aquarium somewhat of a rarity. It is, however, quite possible.







References, contributions, and thanks
aquatheque
fishbase.org
waterwolves.com
Thanks to Raskolnikov612 for his contribution and for the borrowed material.
Thanks to all that have shared their pictures and information.
Much thanks to Lil Neet, K. kobayashi, and ashdavid.
And special thanks to Seiichi on many levels, for your amazing pictures and
information.



Semoga bermanfaat..
IMHO : Carnivore laen keliatan cupu kalo dibanding ikan ini..