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10 Gedung Tertinggi di Dunia

VIVAnews - Negara maju dan berkembang, saat ini seperti berlomba-lomba membangun gedung pencakar langit tertinggi di dunia. Di Indonesia misalnya, awal pekan ini, PT Pertamina sudah mulai membangun gedung yang diklaim sebagai tertinggi di Indonesia.

Pertamina Energy Tower yang peletakan batu pertamanya dilakukan pada Senin 9 Desember 2013, akan dibangun 99 lantai dan berlokasi di kawasan Rasuna Epicentrum, Jakarta. Pembangunan gedung setinggi 530 meter itu ditargetkan rampung pada 2020.

Lantas, apakah gedung Pertamina itu akan mampu sejajar dengan gedung-gedung tinggi di dunia lainnya?

Pada 2013, predikat gedung tertinggi di dunia diraih Burj Khalifa di Dubai, Uni Emirat Arab, dengan ketinggian 828 meter.

Dilansir dari skyscraperpage.com, Rabu 11 Desember 2013, berikut adalah daftar gedung-gedung pencakar langit tertinggi di dunia pada 2013.

Metode pengelompokannya berdasarkan kriteria antara lain, memenuhi batas minimum ketinggian bangunan dan hanya mengukur hingga atap atau menara bangunan, dan tidak mengukur antena.

Dengan metode itu, Petronas Tower di Malaysia menempati gedung yang lebih tinggi dibandingkan Sears Tower.[/QUOTE]
[QUOTE]Berikut daftarnya:
1. Kingdom Tower,Jeddah

RumahCom - Kingdom Tower bakal menjadi gedung tertinggi di dunia saat rampung pada 2020 mendatang. Gedung pencakar langit yang terletak di kota Jeddah, Arab Saudi ini dibangun dengan ketinggian mencapai 1 kilometer—lebih tinggi dari gedung tertinggi di dunia saat ini: The Burj Khalifa di Dubai yang ‘hanya’ memiliki ketinggian 828 meter.

Gedung yang semula direncanakan memiliki ketinggian 1,6 kilometer ini diperkirakan akan menelan biaya sebesar USD13,6 miliar. Sementara, desain gedung dikerjakan oleh arsitek Adrian Smith dari Adrian Smith + Gordon Gill Architecture, perusahan yang berbasis di Chicago, Amerika Serikat.

Pengembang gedung ini tak lain adalah Pangeran Al-Waleed bin Talal, sepupu Raja Abdullah, yang dinobatkan sebagai orang terkaya di Timur Tengah. Pangeran Talal adalah chairman dari Kingdom Holding Company (KHC), perusahaan terbesar di Arab Saudi.
Skyscraper ini berdiri di atas lahan 50 hektar, dimana di dalamnya terdapat beberapa gedung lain. Pembangunan gedung ini juga merupakan tahap awal dari tiga tahap pembangunan Kingdom City—yang akan dijadikan sebagai distrik baru di Jeddah.

Kawasan ini berada sekitar 20 kilometer sebelah utara Jeddah. Kingdom City didesain oleh HOK Architects dengan biaya sebesar USD20 miliar dan waktu pembangunan selama sepuluh tahun.(SUMBER)

2. Burj Khalifa,Dubai

Burj Khalifa (bahasa Arab برج خليفة yang berarti 'Menara Khalifa'), sebelumnya bernama Burj Dubai, adalah sebuah pencakar langit di Dubai, Uni Emirat Arab yang diresmikan pembukaannya pada 4 Januari 2010. Ketinggian pencakar langit ini adalah 828 meter (2.717 kaki).[3]

Burj Khalifa adalah bangunan tertinggi di dunia yang pernah dibuat oleh manusia. Dimulai dari melewati ketinggian Taipei 101 sebagai bangunan tertinggi di dunia pada 21 Juli 2007. Pada tanggal 12 September 2007, Burj Khalifa berhasil melewati ketinggian CN Tower sebagai struktur bebas (tanpa penyangga) tertinggi di dunia dan pada tanggal 7 April 2008 struktur tertinggi di dunia dari Menara KVLY-TV yang berada di Blanchard, North Dakota, Amerika Serikat berhasil dilewati. Struktur tertinggi yang pernah dibuat oleh manusia, Menara Radio Warsawa 645,4 m (2.120 kaki) dibuat pada 1974 (namun runtuh pada saat renovasi pada 1991) berhasil dilewati pada 1 September 2008.(SUMBER)

3. Ping an finance center,Shenzen

Ping An Finance Center is a 115-storey supertall skyscraper that is under construction in Shenzhen, Guangdong province, China. The tower was commissioned by Ping An Insurance, and designed by the American architectural firm Kohn Pedersen Fox Associates. It is expected to be completed in 2016, and will at that time be the third-tallest building in the world, as well as the tallest in China, standing a total of 660 m (2,165 ft) high. The building complex also includes a planned retail bridge connecting to future developments in the south.SUMBER[/URL

4.Seoul Light DMC Tower
[img]http://img696.imageshack.us/img696/8388/45842254373430.jpg[/img]
The Digital Media City Landmark Building (Korean: 디지털 미디어 시티 랜드마크 빌딩) or DMC Landmark Building, also known as Seoul Lite or Light Tower, was a 133-floor, 640 m (2,100 ft) supertall skyscraper proposed for construction in Digital Media City, Seoul, South Korea. It was slated to become the third-tallest building in the world when completed, after Burj Khalifa and Pingan International Finance Centre. It would have been the tallest building in Korea. Construction broke ground on 16 October 2009, and was scheduled to be completed and ready for occupancy by April 2015.It was to be built with the country's own capital and technology at an estimated cost of 3.3 trillion won (US$2.9 billion).

The design and engineering of the DMC Landmark Building was performed by Skidmore, Owings & Merrill.The local architect of record was Samoo. The building was to house an observation deck on 133rd floor at 540 m (1,772 ft), from which visitors will be able to see the entire metropolis of Seoul and as far as Gaeseong, North Korea.It would have been the tallest observation deck in the world, higher than those of Burj Khalifa on the 124th floor at 440 m (1,444 ft) and the 100th floor of the Shanghai World Financial Center at 474 m (1,555 ft). Six through eight-star hotels would have been located on the 108th-130th floors, surpassing the Park Hyatt Hotel (79th-93rd floors) in the Shanghai World Financial Center, as the highest hotel rooms in the world.

All functions of a futuristic, 21st century city were to be incorporated into the building, including the most high-tech office and residential spaces, a department store, luxury shopping malls, a large convention center, the world's largest interactive aquarium, international restaurants and facilities for media, culture and exhibitions.

The landmark building was backed by the Seoul Metropolitan Government and was being constructed at the fastest speed among major skyscraper projects by South Korea's Samsung C&T, whose work includes Burj Khalifa, Taipei 101 and the Petronas Twin Towers.

5. Signature Tower,Jakarta
[img]http://www.srssa.com/Signature_Tower/images/homg_pg_image.jpg[/img]
Signature Tower was a projected mixed-use skyscraper which had been approved for construction in Nashville, Tennessee, United States. Groundbreaking was originally scheduled for 2007.When completed, it was to contain condominiums, office space, a Kimpton-brand Hotel Palomar Nashville,and retail space. The building was originally planned to have 70 stories and stand 1,030 feet (314 m) in height. That would have made it the tallest building in the Southern United States and the tallest building in the US outside of New York City and Chicago, surpassing Bank of America Plaza in Atlanta by 7 feet (2 m).However, in December 2008, developer Tony Giarratana announced that the project would be downsized, due to the economic recession.Giarratana stated that the number of condos would be reduced from around 600 to under 100, but the average condo size would more than double from an average of 1,500 square feet (140 m2) to 3,500 sq ft (330 m2). The height of the revised Signature Tower was to be 807 feet (246 m) and 50 stories.

The Signature Tower was being developed by Giarratana LLC at an estimated cost of US$250 to 370 million.The building's physical address would have been 505 Church Street,on the southwest corner of Church and Fifth Avenue North,which was for many years the location of a Cain-Sloan department store.Giarratana announced on July 18, 2006 that it had slated Turner Construction Co. of New York to complete the project.

Construction of the building was slated to begin once half of the 400 residential apartment units had been sold. By late December 2007, 102 of the 400 units had been presold. When the plan was overhauled in December 2008, this timetable was revoked.

The official website for Signature Tower was taken offline around December 2009. In November 2011, Giarratana announced that he was going to use the site to build a smaller, mixed use tower called 505 CST.

6. Shanghai Tower
[img]http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Shanghai_Tower_2013-8-3.JPG/250px-Shanghai_Tower_2013-8-3.JPG[/img]
The Shanghai Tower (Chinese: 上海中心大厦; pinyin: Shànghǎi Zhōngxīn Dàshà; literally "Shanghai Central Tower") is a supertall skyscraper under construction in Lujiazui, Pudong, Shanghai.Designed by Gensler, it is the tallest of a group of three supertall buildings in Pudong, the other two being the Jin Mao Tower and the Shanghai World Financial Center. Upon its completion in 2014, the building will stand approximately 632 metres (2,073 ft) high and will have 121 stories, with a total floor area of 380,000 m2 (4,090,000 sq ft).

At the time of its topping out in August 2013, the Shanghai Tower was the tallest building in China and the second-tallest in the world, surpassed by the Burj Khalifa in Dubai. It is also China's tallest structure of any kind, surpassing the 600-metre (2,000 ft) Canton Tower in Guangzhou. However, if Changsha's Sky City, which is planned to reach a height of 838 m (2,749 ft) but has not yet received final planning approval, is completed to plan and on schedule (last announced as 2014), it would overtake the Shanghai Tower in height.[URL="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shanghai_tower"]SUMBER

7. Wuhan Greenland Center

Wuhan Greenland Center is a 636 m (2,087 ft) tall, 125-storey skyscraper currently under construction in Wuhan, China.In June 2011, Adrian Smith + Gordon Gill Architects in conjunction with Thornton Tomasetti Engineers won the design competition to build the tower for Greenland Group.The design has many energy saving features.The building's height was increased to 636 m, and the expected completion date is now 2017.SUMBER

8. Makkah Royal Clock Tower Hotel

The Abraj Al-Bait Towers, also known as the Mecca Royal Hotel Clock Tower, is a building complex in Mecca, Saudi Arabia. These towers are a part of the King Abdulaziz Endowment Project that strives to modernize the city in catering to its pilgrims. The complex holds several world records, the tallest clock tower in the world and the world's largest clock face. The complex's hotel tower became the third tallest building in the world in 2012, surpassing Taiwan's Taipei 101 and surpassed only by Dubai's Burj Khalifa and Shanghai's Shanghai Tower. The building complex is metres away from the world's largest mosque and Islam's most sacred site, the Masjid al-Haram. The developer and contractor of the complex is the Saudi Binladin Group, the Kingdom's largest construction company. The complex was built after the demolition of the Ajyad Fortress, the 18th century Ottoman citadel which stood atop a hill overlooking the Grand Mosque. The destruction of the fort in 2002 by the Saudi government sparked Turkish and international outcry.SUMBER

9. Goldin Finance

Goldin Finance 117, also known as China 117 Tower, (Chinese: 中国117大厦, Chinese: 中国117大厦) is a skyscraper under construction in Tianjin, China. The tower is expected to be 597 m (1,959 ft) with 117 storeys. Construction began in 2008, and the building was scheduled to be completed in 2014, becoming the second tallest building in China, surpassing the Shanghai World Financial Center. In late January 2010 it was announced that construction had been suspended. Construction resumed in 2011, with completion estimated in 2015.SUMBER

10. Lotte World Premium Tower
Lotte World Tower (Korean: 롯데월드 타워), formerly known as the Lotte World Premium Tower, is a 123-floor, 556 metres (1,824 ft) supertall skyscraper currently under construction[1] in the second-generation Lotte World complex in Seoul, South Korea. Upon completion in 2015, it is expected to become the tallest skyscraper in the developed world, surpassing One World Trade Center in New York City and housing the tallest observation deck in the world on its 123rd-floor at 497.6 metres (1,633 ft).

After 13 years of planning and site preparation, the tower gained final approval to start construction by the government in November 2010and the first groundbreaking activities of piling and frame assembly was observed at the construction site on March 2011.

The conceptual design calls for a slender cone with convex, gently curved sides. An exterior of pale-coloured glass draws inspiration from Korean ceramics and features accents of metal filigree. Located near the Han River, the tower will contain retail outlets (floors 1-6), offices (7-60), residences (61-85), a luxury hotel (86-119), and public access floors (120-123) with an observation deck.

The tower is located next to the existing first-generation Lotte World complex which opened back in 1989, accessible via Seoul Subway Line 2 and Seoul Subway Line 8 on Jamsil Station.SUMBER