STRUCTURE AND WRITTEN EXPRESSION THREAD

101. Register early if you would like to attend next Tuesday's ------- on project management.
(A) seminar
(B) reason
(C) policy
(D) scene

102. Paul Brown resigned last Monday from his position as ------- executive of the company.
(A) fine
(B) chief
(C) front
(D) large

103. The financial audit of Soft Peach Software ------- completed on Wednesday by a certified accounting firm.
(A) to be
(B) having been
(C) was
(D) were

104. The organizers of the trip reminded participants to ------- at the steps of the city hall at 2:00 P.M.
(A) see
(B) combine
(C) meet
(D) go

105. ------- is no better season than winter to begin training at Silver's Fitness Center.
(A) When
(B) It
(C) There
(D) As it

106. The recent worldwide increase in oil prices has led to a ------- demand for electric vehicles.
(A) greater
(B) greatest
(C) greatly
(D) greatness

107. Maria Vásquez has a wide range of experience, ------- worked in technical, production, and marketing positions.
(A) having
(B) has
(C) having had
(D) had

108. Tickets will not be redeemable for cash or credit at any time, ------- will they be replaced if lost or stolen.
(A) but
(B) though
(C) only
(D) nor

101. A special event is being planned to show ............... for the employees' hard work.
A. appreciate
B. appreciation
C. appreciated
D. appreciating

102. Bancasia's ....... lies in its loyal and dedicated employees.
A. strong
B. strength
C. stronger
D. strengthening

103. Industry leaders believe that the beverage company needs to reinvent ......
A. itself
B. themselves
C. herself
D. ourselves

104. The financial ..... suggested an international mutual fund.
A. advise
B. advising
C. advice
D. advisor

105. Employees from around the world can ..... the material at the same time.
A. access
B. agree
C. adhere
D. administer

106. ..... a top manager is a matter of skill, not of luck.
A. Been
B. Be
C. Being
D. Are

107. The ..... will be pushed back for a third time.
A. extension
B. final
C. deadline
D. goal

108. ..... of the Olympic Games feel that they are too professional.
A. Critic
B. Critical
C. Criticism
D. Critics

109. The bridge ..... the east and west parts of the city will be repaired next year.
A. contacting
B. corresponding
C. connecting
D. combining

1. After the funeral, the residents of the apartment building ___
a. sent faithfully flowers all weeks to the cemetery.
b. sent to the cemetery each week flowers faithfully.
c. sent flowers faithfully to the cemetery each week
d. sent each week faithfully to the cemetery flowers

2. Because the first pair of pants did not fit properly, he asked for ___
a. another pants
b. others pants
c. the others ones
d. another pair

3. The committee has met and ___
a. they have reached a decision
b. it has formulated themselves some opinions
c. its decision was reached at
d. it has reached a decision

4. Alfred Adams has not ___
a. lived lonelynessly in times previous
b. never before lived sole
c. ever lived alone before
d. before lived without the company of his friends

5. John's score on the test is the highest in the class; ___
a. he should study last night
b. he should have studied last night
c. he must have studied last night
d. he must had to study last night

6. Henry will not be able to attend the meeting tonight because ___
a. he must to teach a class
b. he will be teaching a class
c. of he will teach a class
d. he will have teaching a class

7. Having been served lunch, ___
a. the problem was discussed by the members of the committee
b. the committee members discussed the problem
c. it was discussed by the committee members the problem
d. a discussion of the problem was made by the members of the committee

8. Florida has not yet ratified the amendment, and ___
a. several other states hasn't either
b. neither has some of the others states
c. some other states also have not either
d. neither have several other states

9. The chairman requested that ___
a. the members studied more carefully the problem
b. the problem was more carefulnessly studied
c. with more carefulness the problem could be studied
d. the members study the problem more carefully.

10. California relies heavily on income from fruit crops, and ___
a. Florida also
b. Florida too
c. Florida is as well
d. so does Florida

11. The professor said that ...
a. the students can turn over their reports on the Monday
b. the reports on Monday could be received from the students by him
c. the students could hand in their reports on Monday
d. the students will on Monday the reports turn in

12. This year will be difficult for this organization because ...
a. they have less money and volunteers than they had last year
b. it has less money and fewer volunteers than it had last year
c. the last year it did not have as few and little volunteers and money
d. there are fewer money and volunteers that in the last year there were

13. The teachers have had some problems deciding ...
a. when to the students they shall return the final papers
b. when are they going to return to the students the final papers
c. when they should return the final papers to the students
d. the time when the final papers they should return for the students

14. She wanted to serve some coffee to her guests; however ...
a. she hadn't many sugar
b. there was not a great amount of the sugar
c. she did not have much sugar
d. she was lacking in amount of the sugar

15. There has not been a great response to the sale, ...?
a. does there
b. hasn't there
c. hasn't it
d. has there

16. The main office of the factory can be found in Maple Street in New York City.

17. Because there are less members present tonight than there were last night, we must wait until the next meeting to vote.

18. David is particularly fond of cooking, and he often cooks really delicious meals.

19. The progress made in space travel for the early 1960s is remarkable.

20. Sandra has not rarely missed a play or concert since she was seventeen years old.

21. The governor has not decided how to deal with the new problems already.

22. There was a very interesting news on the radio this morning about the earthquake in Italy.

23. The professor had already given the homework assignment when he had remembered that Monday was a holiday.

24. Having been beaten by the police for striking an officer, the man will cry out in pain.

25. This table is not sturdy enough to support a television, and that one probably isn't neither.

26. The bridge was hitting by a large ship during a sudden storm last week.

27. The company representative sold to the manager a sewing machine for forty dollars.

28. The taxi driver told the man to don't allow his disobedient son to hang out the window.

29. These televisions are quite popular in Europe, but those ones are not.

30. Harvey seldom pays his bills on time, and his brother does too.

31. The price of crude oil used to be a great deal lower than now, wasn't it?

32. When an university formulates new regulations, it must relay its decision to the students and faculty.

33. Jim was upset last night because he had to do too many homeworks.

34. There is some scissors in the desk drawer in the bedroom if you need them.

35. The Board of Realtors doesn't have any informations about the increase in rent for this area.

36. George is not enough intelligent to pass this economics class without help.

37. There were so much people trying to leave the burning building that the police had a great deal of trouble controlling them.

38. John lived in New York since 1960 to 1975, but he is now living in Detroit.

39. The fire began in the fifth floor of the hotel, but it soon spread to adjacent floors.

40. Mrs. Anderson bought last week a new sports car; however, she has yet to learn how to operate the manual gearshift.

1. The rain forest, __________ large trees that provide shade to the vegetation below, is home to unique flora and fauna.
A. has
B. with its
C. and
D. although has

2. Despite the polar bear's tremendous weight and height, __________ of sprinting at tremendous speed.
A. it is capable
B. is capable
C. it is able
D. ability

3. Having multiple sclerosis has diminished Mr. Wilson's physical condition, but his ability to maintain a positive attitude and continue working an inspiration.

4. The huge increase in popularity of specialty coffees contribution to the success of Starbucks, Barney's and other coffee purveyors.

5. Patients on Interferon are advised __________, so that they can sleep through the night without noticing the flu-like symptoms that are characteristic of the drug.
A. just before going to sleep to inject themselves
B. to inject themselves just before going to sleep
C. to inject just before going to sleep themselves
D. injecting themselves just before going to sleep

6. After it had conclude work on the budget, the legislature adjourned until the next session.

7. Even when awarded a scholarship, a student generally must still paying for books, living expenses, and other costs.

8. The U.S. government, along with a number of states, is fight a protracted legal battle with tobacco companies in order to obtain relief for the huge medical costs caused by smoking.

9. The leaders of the two countries __________ an agreement to avoid future conflicts.
A. have recently reach
B. recently reach
C. have reached recently
D. have recently reached

10. The teachers are expecting to call tomorrow a meeting in order to review the disciplinary problems.

1. _____ Jane has an excellent resume, she hasn't found a job yet.
(A) However
(B) Yet
(C) That
(D) Although



2. _____ several universities that have excellent engineering schools.
(A) There are
(B) The
(C) There is a lot of
(D) Some of



3. Many Middle Eastern diplomats still feel that the United States is intent _____ the ultimate police in the region.
(A) to being
(B) being
(C) be
(D) on being



4. Woodrow Wilson believed the United States' entry into World War I would put a _____ to the war in months.
(A) to stop
(B) stop
(C) stopping
(D) will had stopped



5. _____ of New York's Erie Canal greatly enhanced trade in the upstate region.
(A) The complete
(B) Completing
(C) A completing
(D) The completion



6. A leech, after _____ the skin, is best removed by the application of either salt or heat.
(A) it attaches itself to
(B) attaching it
(C) its attaching to
(D) where it attaches to



7. _____ east of the Mississippi River.
(A) Indigo was grown usually
(B) Usually grown was Indigo
(C) Indigo usually grown
(D) Indigo was usually grown



8. _____ wrote the operetta Babes in Toyland, drawn from the childhood characters of Mother Goose.
(A) That was Victor Herbert who
(B) Victor Herbert who
(C) Since it was Victor Herbert
(D) It was Victor Herbert who



9. Some of the oldest and most widespread creation myths are _____ involving the all-giving "Earth Mother."
(A) those
(B) them
(C) they
(D) their



10. In _____, disk technology has made record albums almost obsolete.
(A) the decade from
(B) the decade since
(C) the past decade
(D) decade ago the



11. In the first few months of life, an infant learns how to lift its head, smile, and _____.
(A) parents to recognize
(B) recognize its parents
(C) recognizing its parents
(D) the recognizing of its parents



12. Juana Inez de la Cruz _____ Mexico's greatest female poet.
(A) considered
(B) considered to be
(C) is considered to be
(D) is consideration



13. Because the metal mercury _____ in direct proportion to temperature, it was once used as the indicator in common thermometers.
(A) is expanding
(B) expands
(C) is expanded
(D) expanded



14. _____ what is now San Salvador, Christopher Columbus believed that he had found Japan.
(A) He reached
(B) When did he reach
(C) Having reached
(D) Whether he reached



15. The principal purpose of aviation medicine is _____ by people aboard an aircraft in flight.
(A) to study the stress experienced
(B) study the experienced stress
(C) to study stress experiencing
(D) study the stress experience



16. The dwarf lemon tree, grown in many areas of the world, bears fruit when it is fewer than six inches in high.



17. The brain is composed of a mass of softly gray matter in the skull that controls our intelligence.



18. Polluter is a topic of such importance today that even elementary school children are well informed about its dangers.



19. Best represented in a famous oil painting by da Vinci, The Last Supper it is an important part of the history of Christianity.



20. Together with his friend Little John, Robin Hood are fondly remembered today by millions of people.



21. In Vermont, the sap the maple tree is the primary ingredient in producing maple syrup.



22. After to have won the 1945 Pulitzer Prize for A Bell for Adano, John Hersey wrote a nonfiction book about the bombing of Japan.



23. The smallest hummingbirds beat their wings 70 times a second and are about two inched long.



24. Quality, price, and located are often considered to be the primary concerns in buying a house.



25. The name "America" comes of Amerigo Vespucci, who was a 16th-century Italian explorer.



26. Marie Curie won two Nobel Prizes for their discoveries of radioactivity and radioactive elements.



27. The developing of the submarine was hindered by the lack of a power source that could propel an underwater vessel.



28. Although humans have highly developed brains, most animals have more acute senses than them.



29. The movement of the stars was first noticed by early travelers, who used the stars to guide its way across the sea.



30. Those who have seen what is believed to be Noah's Ark say it is the largest than a modern battleship.



31. It is implicit in the Constitution of the United States that everyone has a right to their privacy.



32. Although scientists have been successful about finding treatments for cancer, they haven't yet discovered a cure.



33. In the 18th century, standard college curricula included a heavy emphasis on classical, mathematics, and religion.



34. As the numbered of nonnative speakers rises, the demand for teachers of English as a second language increases.



35. There is much bird migration above the equator, where the Pole Star can be seen, than below the equator, where it cannot be seen.



36. Although most people believe that diamonds are the costliest gems, emeralds are actually the valuablest.



37. In the summer, An Arbor, along with Ypsilanti, Saline, and Pontiac, are flooded with runaways fleeing the boredom of their lives in Cincinnati and its suburbs.



38. A recent article in The New York Times reported that the typical business graduate of 1990 is less likely to be willing to work long hours for the sake of advancement than their 1970 counterparts.



39. The dietary habits of a given child often has little to do with that child's eating habits as an adult.



40. One of the claims made against science is that data are often manipulated to prove a scientist's thesis, rather than studying it for possible contradictions.

1. Simple photographic lenses cannot ___ sharp, undistorted images over a wide field.
A. to form
B. are formed
C. forming
D. form



2. Of all the factors affecting agricultural yields, weather is the one ___ the most.
A. it influences farmers
B. that influences farmers
C. farmers that it influences
D. why farmers influence it



3. Beverly Sills, ... , assumed directorship of the New York City Opera in 1979.
A. be a star soprano
B. was a star soprano
C. a star soprano and
D. a star soprano



4. ___ of tissues is known as histology.
A. Studying scientific
B. The scientific study
C. To study scientifically
D. That is scientific studying



5. With the exception of mercury, ___ at standard temperature and pressure.
A. the metallic elements are solid
B. which is a solid metallic element
C. metallic elements being solid
D. since the metallic elements are solid



6. Potential dehydration is ___ that a land animal faces.
A. the often greatest hazard
B. the greatest often hazard
C. often the greatest hazard
D. often the hazard greatest



7. By tracking the eye of a hurricane, forecasters can determine the speed at which ___.
A. is a storm moving
B. a storm is moving
C. is moving a storm
D. a moving storm



8. The Grapes of Wrath, a novel about the Depression years of the 1930's, is one of John Steinbeck's ___ books.
A. most famous
B. the most famous
C. are most famous
D. and most famous



9. Technology will play a key role in ___ future life-styles.
A. to shape
B. shaping
C. shape of
D. shaped



10. The computer has dramatically affected ___ photographic lenses are constructed.
A. is the way
B. that the way
C. which way do
D. the way



11. The early railroads were ___ the existing arteries of transportation: roads, turnpikes, canals, and other waterways.
A. those short lines connected
B. short lines that connected
C. connected by short lines
D. short connecting lines



12. ___ as a masterpiece, a work of art must transcend the ideals of the period in which it was created.
A. Ranks
B. The ranking
C. To be ranked
D. For being ranked



13. Jackie Robinson, ___ to play baseball in the major leagues, joined the Brooklyn Dodgers in 1947.
A. the Black American who first
B. the first Black American
C. was the first Black American
D. the first and a Black American who



14. During the flood of 1927, the Red Cross, ___ out of emergency headquarters in Mississippi, set up temporary shelters for the homeless.
A. operates
B. is operating
C. has operated
D. operating



15. In bacteria and in other organisms, ___ is the nucleic acid DNA that provides the genetic information.
A. both
B. which
C. and
D. it

1. Dairy farming is _____ leading agricultural activity in the United States.
(A) a
(B) at
(C) then
(D) none



2. Although thunder and lightening are produced at the same time, light waves travel faster _____, so we see the lightening before we hear the thunder.
(A) than sound waves do
(B) than sound waves are
(C) do sound waves
(D) sound waves



3. Beef cattle _____ of all livestock for economic growth in certain geographic regions.
(A) the most are important
(B) are the most important
(C) the most important are
(D) that are the most important



4. The discovery of the halftone process in photography in 1881 made it _____ photographs in books and newspapers.
(A) the possible reproduction
(B) possible to reproduce
(C) the possibility of reproducing
(D) possibly reproduce



5. Flag Day is a legal holiday only in the state of Pennsylvania, _____ Betsy Ross sewed the first American flag.
(A) which
(B) where
(C) that
(D) has



6. _____ vastness of the Grand Canyon, it is difficult to capture it in a single photograph.
(A) While the
(B) The
(C) For the
(D) Because of the



7. Speciation, _____, results when an animal population becomes isolated
by some factor, usually geographic.
(A) form biological species
(B) biological species are formed
(C) which forming biological species
(D) the formation of biological species



8. In its pure state antimony has no important uses, but _____ with other substances, it is extremely useful metal.
(A) when combined physically or chemically
(B) combined when physically or chemically
(C) the physical and chemical combination
(D) it is combined physically and chemically



9. The dawn redwood appears _____ some 100 million years ago in northern forests around the world.
(A) was flourished
(B) having to flourished
(C) to have flourished
(D) have flourished



10. Beginning in the Middle Ages, composers of Western music used a system of notating their compositions _____ be performed by musicians.
(A) will
(B) that
(C) and when to
(D) so they could

11. Civil Rights are the freedoms and rights _____ as a member of a community, state, or nation.
(A) may have a person
(B) may have a person who
(C) a person may have
(D) and a person may have



12. Richard Wright enjoyed success and influence _____ among Black American writers of his era.
(A) were unparalleled
(B) are unparalleled
(C) unparalleled
(D) the unparalleled



13. _____ of large mammals once dominated the North American Prairies: the American bison and the pronghorn antelope.
(A) There are two species
(B) With two species
(C) Two species are
(D) Two species



14. Franklin D. Roosevelt was _____ the great force of radio and the opportunity it provided for taking government policies directly to the people.
(A) as the first President he understood fully
(B) the first President that, to fully understand
(C) the first President fully understand
(D) the first President to understand fully



15. During the late fifteenth century, _____ of the native societies of America had professions in the fields of arts and crafts.
(A) only a few
(B) a few but
(C) few, but only
(D) a few only



16. The firstly naval battle of the Revolutionary War was fought off the coast of Machias, Maine, in June 1775.



17. The public ceremonies of the Plains Indians are lesser elaborate than those of the Navajo in theSouthwest.



18. In some species of fish, such the three-spined stickleback, the male, not the female, performs the task of caring for the young.



19. When she retires in September 1989, tennis champion Christine Evert was the most famous woman athlete in the United States.



20. The ancient Romans used vessels equipped with sails and banks of oars to transporting their armies.




21. Dinosaurs are traditionally classified as cold-blooded reptiles, but recent evidence based on eating habits, posture, and skeletal structural suggests some may have been warm-blooded.



22. Since the Great Depression of the 1930’s, social programs such as Social Security have been built into the economy to help avert severity business declines.



23. In the 1970’s consumer activities succeeded in promoting laws that set safety standards for automobiles, children’s clothing, and a widely range of household products.



24. Zoos in New Orleans, San Diego, Detroit, and the Bronx have become biological parks where animals roams free and people watch from across a moat.



25. In human beings, as in other mammals, hairs around the eyes, ears and in the nose prevent dust, insects, and other matter from entering these organs.

26. The Rocky Mountains were explored by fur traders during the early 1800’s in a decades preceding the United States Civil War.



27. The works of the author Herman Melville are literary creations of a high order, blending fact, fiction, adventure, and subtle symbolic.




28. Each chemical element is characterized to the number of protons that an atom of that element contains, called its atomic number.




29. The body structure that developed in birds over millions of years is well designed for flight, being both lightly in weight and remarkably strong.




30. From 1905 to 1920, American novelist Edith Wharton was at the height of her writing career, publishing of her three most famous novels.



31. In the early twentieth century, there was considerable interesting among sociologists in the fact that in the United States the family was losing its traditional roles.



32. Although pure diamond is colorless and transparent, when contaminated with other material it may appear in various color, ranging from pastels to opaque black.



33. Comparative anatomy is concerned to the structural differences among animal forms.



34. A seismograph records oscillation of the ground caused by seismic waves, vibrations that travel from its point of origin through the Earth or along its surface.



35. Electric lamps came into widespread use during the early 1900’s and have replaced other type of fat, gas, or oil lamps for almost every purpose.



36. Located in Canada, the Columbia Icefield covers area of 120 square miles and is 3,300 feet thick in some places.



37. Composer Richard Rodgers and lyricist Oscar Hammerstein II brought to the musical Oklahoma extensive musical and theatrical backgrounds as well as familiar with the traditional forms of Operetta and musical comedy.



38. Because of its vast tracts of virtually uninhabited northern forest, Canada has one of the lowest population density in the world.



39. Rice, which it still forms the staple diet of much of the world’s population, grows best in hot, wet lands.



40. Government money appropriated for art in the 1930’s made possible hundreds of murals and statues still admiration in small towns all over the United States.

1. The ponderosa pine is _____ of the most of the timber used by forestproduct firms in the Black Hills of South Dakota.
(A) the source
(B) as source
(C) the source which
(D) because the source



2. Computers that once took up entire rooms are now _____ to put on desktops and into wristwatches.
(A) small enough
(B) smaller than
(C) so small
(D) as small as



3. According to some educators, the goal of teaching is to help students learn what _____ to know to live a well-adjusted and successful life.
(A) do they need
(B) they need
(C) they are needed
(D) as they may need



4. The sapphire’s transparency to ultraviolet and infrared radiation makes _____ in optical instruments.
(A) it is of use
(B) it uses
(C) it a useful
(D) it useful



5. _____ initial recognition while still quite young.
(A) Most famous scientists achieve
(B) That most famous scientists achieved
(C) Most famous scientists who achieved
(D) For most famous scientists to achieve



6. Mango trees, _____ densely covered with glossy leaves and bear small fragrant flowers, grow rapidly and can attain heights of up to 90 feet.
(A) whose
(B) which are
(C) are when
(D) which



7. _____ the Canadian composer Barbara Pentland wrote four symphonies, three concertos, and an opera, among other works.
(A) An artist who, prolific
(B) Is a prolific artist
(C) Prolific an artist
(D) A prolific artist



8. The Chisos Mountains in Big Bend National park in Texas were created by volcanic eruptions that occurred _____.
(A) the area in which dinosaurs roamed
(B) when dinosaurs roamed the area
(C) did dinosaurs roam the area
(D) dinosaurs roaming the area



http://www.mediafire.com/file/pz8vfo...versi.pdf/file


9. In bas-relief sculpture, a design projects very slightly from its background, _____ some coins.
(A) as on
(B) because
(C) the way that
(D) similarly



10. Alaska found the first years of its statehood costly because it had to take over the expense of services _____ previously by the federal government.
(A) to provide
(B) be provided
(C) providing
(D) provided



11. With age, the mineral content of human bones decreases, _____ them more fragile.
(A) make
(B) and to make
(C) thereby making
(D) which it makes



12. Not until Kentucky’s Mammoth Cave had been completely explored in 1972 _________.
(A) when was its full extent realized
(B) that its full extent was realized
(C) was its full extent realized
(D) the realization of its full extent



13. The first explorer _____ California by land was Jedediah Strong Smith, a trapper who crossed the southwestern deserts of the United States in 1826.
(A) that he reached
(B) reached
(C) to reach
(D) reaching it



14. Written to be performed on a _____, Thornton Wilder’s play Our Town depicts life in a small New England community.
(A) stage scenery of bare
(B) bare of stage scenery
(C) scenery bare of stage
(D) stage bare of scenery



15. _____ many copper mines in the state of Arizona, a fact which contributes significantly to the state’s economy.
(A) They are
(B) There are
(C) Of the
(D) The

16. Margaret Mead studied many different cultures and she was one of the first anthropologists to photograph hers subjects.



17. Talc, a soft mineral with a variety of uses, sold is in slabs or in powdered form.



18. During the 1870's iron workers in Alabama proved they could produce iron by burning iron ore with coke, instead than with charcoal.



19. Geologists at the Hawaiian Volcano Observatory rely on a number of instruments to studying the volcanoes in Hawaii.



20. Underlying aerodynamics and all other branches of theoretical mechanics are the laws of motion who were developed in the seventeenth century.



21. Was opened in 1918, the Philips Collection in Washington, D.C., was the first museum in the United States devoted to modern art.



22. A mortgage enables a person to buy property without paying for it outright; thus more people are able to enjoy to own a house.



23. Alike ethnographers, ethnohistorians make systemic observations, but they also gather data from documentary and oral sources.



24. Basal body temperature refers to the most lowest temperature of a healthy individual during waking hours.



25. Research in the United States on acupuncture has focused on it use in pain relief and anesthesia.



26. The moon's gravitational field cannot keep atmospheric gases from escape into space.



27. Although the pecan tree is chiefly value for its fruit, its wood is used extensively for flooring, furniture, boxes, and crates.



28. Born in Texas in 1890, Katherine Anne Porter produced three collection of short stories before publishing her well-known novel Ship of Fools in 1962.



29. Insulation from cold, protect against dust and sand, and camouflage are among the functions of hair for animals.



30. The notion that students are not sufficiently involved in their education is one reason for the recently surge of support for undergraduate research.



31. As secretary of transportation from 1975 to 1977, William Coleman worked to help the bankrupt railroads in the northeastern United States solved their financial problems.



32. Faults in the Earth's crust are most evidently in sedimentary formations, where they interrupt previously continuous layers.



33. Many flowering plants benefit of pollination by adult butterflies and moths.



34. A number of the American Indian languages spoken at the time of the European arrival in the New World in the late fifteen century have become extinct.



35. George Gershwin was an American composer whose concert works joined the sounds of jazz with them of traditional orchestration.



36. One of the problems of United States agriculture that has persisted during the 1920's until the present day is the tendency of farm income to lag behind the costs of production.



37. Volcanism occurs on Earth in several geological setting, most of which are associated with the boundaries of the enormous, rigid plates that make up the lithosphere.



38. Early European settlers in North America used medicines they made from plants native to treat colds, pneumonia, and ague, an illness similar to malaria.



39. Some insects bear a remarkable resemblance to dead twigs, being long, slenderness, wingless, and brownish in color.



40. A food additive is any chemical that food manufacturers intentional add to their products.

16. Twenty to thirty year after a mature forest is cleared away, a nearly impenetrable thicket of trees and shrubs develops.



17. The first national park in world, Yellowstone National Park, was established in 1872.



18. Because it does not have a blood supply, the cornea takes their oxygen directly from the air.



19. Magnificent mountains and coastal scenery is British Columbia’s chief tourist attractions.



20. Scientists at universities are often more involved in theoretical research than in practically research.



21. John Rosamond Johnson he composed numerous songs, including Lift Every Voice and Sing, for which his brother, James Weldon Johnson, wrote the words.



22. Nylon, a synthetic done from a combination of water, air, and a by-product of coal, was first introduced in 1938.



23. Ornithology, the study of birds, is one of the major scientific fields in which amateurs play a role in accumulating, researching, and publish data.



24. Animation is a technique for creativity the illusion of life in inanimate things.



25. The nonviolent protest advocated by Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr., proving highly effective in an age of expandingtelevision news coverage.



26. On December 7, 1787, Delaware became a first state to ratify the Constitution.



27. Nutritionists believe what diet affects how one feels physically and emotionally.



28. Mealii Kalama, creator of over 400 Hawaiian quilts, was granted a National Heritage Fellowship in 1985 for herself contributions to folk art.



29. A jetty serves to define and deepen a channel, improve navigate, or protect a harbor.



30. Minoru Yamasaki is an American architect which works departed from the austerity frequently associated with architecture in the United States after the Second World War.



31. Chemical research provides information that is useful when the textile industry in the creation of synthetic fabrics.



32. Jane Addams, social worker, author, and spokeswoman for the peace and women’s suffrage movements, she received the Nobel Peace Prize in 1931 for her humanitarian achievements.



33. Bromyrite crystals have a diamond-like luster and are usually colorless, but they dark to brown when exposed to light.



34. Stars in our universe vary in temperature, color, bright, size, and mass.



35. Ice is less denser than the liquid from which it is formed.



36. The 1983 Nobel Prize in Medicine was awarded to Barbara McClintock for her experiments with maize and her discoveries regardless the nature of DNA.



37. In 1866 to 1883, the bison population in North America was reduced from an estimated 13 million to a few hundred.



38. Most of the damage property attributed to the San Francisco earthquake of 1906 resulted from the fire that followed.



39. James Baldwin’s plays and short stories, which are to some degree autobiographical, established them as a leading figure in the United States civil rights movement.



40. Thunder can be listened from a maximum distance of about ten miles except under unusual atmospheric conditions.

21. Air blowing over a fairly warm sea _____ with moisture.
a. the quick saturation
b. quickly becomes saturated
c. it becomes saturated quickly
d. to saturate it quickly



22. A church built in the Gothic style _____ pointed arches.
a. often has
b. often having
c. to have often
d. it often has



23. The rings _____ are made of billions of chunks of ice.
a. they circle Saturn
b. are circling Saturn
c. circle Saturn
d. circling Saturn



24. The largest volcano _____ in the solar system is Olympus Mons, on Mars.
a. found
b. it is found
c. is found
d. finds



25. _____ is the scientific definition of work.
a. A force moves an object
b. For the moving force of an object
c. A force moving an object
d. A force is moving an object



26. _____ as money were certain kinds of cowries.
a. The shells were most widely used
b. Because of the wide use of shells
c. The shells most widely used
d. They used shells widely



27. A primitive, undersea animal resembling a garden cucumber _____.
a. a sea cucumber is called
b. is called a sea cucumber
c. to call a sea cucumber
d. calling a sea cucumber



28. Sails made of cloth tied onto timber supports _____ power early windmills.
a. were used to
b. the use of
c. using
d. they used



29. A single _____ through a magnetic field flies in a spiral path.
a. moves an electron
b. electron is moving
c. electron moving
d. electron moves



30. Immunity _____ from disease or from vaccination is called active immunity.
a. is acquired
b. acquired
c. it is acquired
d. acquires



31. The bony sword _____ the upper jaw of a swordfish makes up about one-third of its length.
a. extending from
b. it extends from
c. extends from
d. is extending from



32. _____ to the U.S. Supreme Court was Sandra Day O’Conner, in 1981.
a. The woman had been appointed first
b. For the appointment of the first woman
c. The first woman appointed
d. The first woman was appointed



33. Energy coming from the hot, molten rock inside the earth _____.
a. geothermal energy
b. the energy is geothermal
c. to be geothermal energy
d. is geothermal energy



34. The Mariana Trench, located within the Pacific Ocean, _____ on Earth.
a. on the lowest point
b. is the lowest point
c. to lower the point
d. the point is lowest



35. _____ from the sleep disorder narcolepsy is seized with sudden and irresistible attacks of sleep.
a. For a person to suffer
b. A person suffers
c. A person is suffering
d. A person suffering



36. The white grains _____ tapioca pudding come from the roots of the cassava.
a. are used in
b. their use in
c. used in
d. they are used in



37. A typical mountain _____ in the tropical regions has four to five different weather zones.
a. is rising up
b. it rises up
c. rises up
d. rising up



38. The 880 to 1,000 _____ in Africa today can be grouped into four families with common origins.
a. languages are spoken
b. speak the languages
c. they speak the languages
d. languages spoken



39. Rain, wind, and streams working through old limestone _____ in Utah’s Bryce Canyon.
a. produced the rock spires
b. producing the rock spires
c. the production of rock spires
d. rock spires were produced



40. A boy’s suit supplemented with an extra pair of pants and a cap _____ from the Montgomery Ward catalog for $2.25 in 1895.
a. the purchase was available
b. available for purchase
c. was available for purchase
d. the available purchase

1. _______ not as bright as Venus, but it shines all night long.

a. Jupiter
b. Jupiter is
c. Jupiter being
d. On Jupiter



2. _______ when light is blocked.

a. Shadows form
b. The form of shadows
c. Shadows forming
d. Within the form of shadows



3. Alexander Graham Bell _______ deaf pupils in Boston in 1871, and he started work on the telephone three years later.

a. he began teaching
b. a beginning teacher
c. teaching beginning
d. began teaching



4. _______ have long life spans, many trees do not.
a. Some trees
b. Some are trees
c. Though some trees
d. Though some are trees



5. Gold can be found loose in nuggets, _______ can be trapped within veins of rock.

a. or it
b. it
c. its
d. or its



6. Eaglets are tended _____ they are 12 weeks old.

a. by both parents until
b. by both parents
c. both parents are
d. both parents



7. Bamboo is generally a tropical plant, but _____ in temperate zones.

a. can also be grown
b. also able to grow
c. it can also be grown
d. its ability to grow



8. While birds and mammals are warm-blooded, _____.

a. cold-blooded reptiles
b. reptiles are cold-blooded
c. but reptiles are cold-blooded
d. and cold-blooded reptiles



9. The retina is curved, so the image formed on the retina _____.

a. also curving
b. the additional curve
c. is also curved
d. it is also curved



10. Because Mars _____ on its axis, it has seasons like the Earth's.

a. also tilting
b. the tilt of
c. with its tilt
d. is also tilted



11. Arteries carry blood away from the heart, _____ carry blood toward the heart.

a. veins
b. in veins
c. and veins
d. through veins



12. Although the silkworm is called a worm, _____ a caterpillar rather than worm.

a. really
b. it is really
c. is really
d. but it really is



13. _____ be composed of stone, or they may consist of an alloy of nickel and iron.

a. Meteorites may
b. Meteorites
c. In meteorites
d. For meteorites to



14. _____ can be exploded by a sound wave if the frequency of the sound wave matches the natural frequency of the glass.

a. Because a wineglass
b. The glass is for wine
c. In the glass for wine
d. A wineglass



15. Pasteurization of milk destroys any tuberculosis bacteria, _____ may remain.

a. other bacteria
b. but other bacteria
c. but in other bacteria
d. but other bacteria have



16. Jesse James once refused to rob a bank in McKenney, Texas, _____ was located in that town.

a. his favorite restaurant
b. at his favorite restaurant
c. because the restaurant was his favorite
d. since his favorite restaurant



17. The cells for other colors have not yet developed, so _____ are blue-eyed.

a. the babies are new born
b. most newborn babies
c. in most newborn babies
d. have most newborn babies



18. _____ off the ionosphere layer of the atmosphere as some radio signals are.

a. No bouncing microwave signals
b. Not to bounce microwave signals
c. Microwave signals are not bounced
d. Microwave signals not bouncing



19. A stork _____ developed larynx, or vocal organ, so it has no voice.

a. lacks a fully
b. fully lacking
c. the full lack
d. a full lack of



20. Siamese cats first appeared in Britain after the King of Siam _____ to the English consul general to take back to London.

a. presenting two cats
b. two cats were presented
c. the presentation of two cats
d. presented two cats