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AS dan Cina Panas, Beijing Batasi Riset Asal-usul Virus Corona
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AS dan Cina Panas, Beijing Batasi Riset Asal-usul Virus Corona
AS dan Cina Panas, Beijing Batasi Riset Asal-usul Virus Corona
Presiden China Xi Jinping, mengunjungi sebuah kawasan industri yang memproduksi cetakan dan suku cadang otomotif kelas atas di Ningbo, Provinsi Zhejiang, China timur, 29 Maret 2020. Presiden Xi melakukan inspeksi terhadap proses pelanjutan kembali pekerjaan dan produksi di Zhejiang. Xinhua/Yan Yan
TEMPO.CO, Jakarta - Cina telah memberlakukan pembatasan pada publikasi penelitian akademis tentang asal-usul virus corona baru, menurut arahan pemerintah pusat dan pemberitahuan online yang diterbitkan oleh dua universitas Cina.
Di bawah kebijakan baru itu, semua makalah akademik tentang Covid-19 akan dikenakan pemeriksaan tambahan sebelum dikirim untuk publikasi. Studi tentang asal-usul virus akan menerima pengawasan ekstra dan harus disetujui oleh pejabat pemerintah pusat, menurut posting yang sekarang telah dihapus, sebagaimana dilaporkan CNN, 12 April 2020.
Seorang ahli medis di Hong Kong yang bekerja sama dengan para peneliti Cina daratan mempublikasikan analisis klinis kasus Covid-19 dalam sebuah jurnal medis internasional mengatakan bahwa karyanya tidak menjalani pemeriksaan seperti itu pada bulan Februari.
Peningkatan pengawasan tampaknya merupakan upaya terbaru oleh pemerintah Cina untuk mengendalikan narasi tentang asal-usul pandemi virus corona, yang telah menewaskan lebih dari 100.000 jiwa dan membuat sakit 1,7 juta orang di seluruh dunia sejak pertama kali meletus di kota Wuhan, Cina, Desember lalu.
Sejak akhir Januari, para peneliti Cina telah menerbitkan serangkaian studi Covid-19 di jurnal medis internasional yang berpengaruh. Beberapa temuan tentang kasus-kasus virus corona awal - seperti ketika transisi manusia ke manusia pertama kali muncul - telah menimbulkan pertanyaan pada akun resmi pemerintah tentang wabah itu dan memicu kontroversi di media sosial Tiongkok.
Dan sekarang, otoritas Cina tampaknya memperketat cengkeraman mereka pada publikasi penelitian Covid-19.
Seorang peneliti Tiongkok yang tidak mau disebutkan namanya karena takut akan sanksi mengatakan langkah itu merupakan perkembangan yang mengkhawatirkan yang kemungkinan akan menghambat penelitian ilmiah yang penting.
"Saya pikir ini adalah upaya terkoordinasi dari (pemerintah) Cina untuk mengendalikan narasi, dan menggambarkannya seolah-olah wabah itu tidak berasal di Cina," kata peneliti itu kepada CNN. "Dan saya rasa mereka tidak akan mentolerir studi objektif apa pun untuk menyelidiki asal mula penyakit ini."
Pada akhir Desember, Wuhan melaporkan kasus pertama virus corona, yang dihubungkan oleh pihak berwenang ke pasar makanan laut di kota itu. Para ilmuwan di Cina dan Barat mengatakan virus itu kemungkinan berasal dari kelelawar dan melompat ke manusia dari inang perantara - sama seperti sepupunya yang menyebabkan epidemi SARS pada 2002 dan 2003.
Namun, sebagian media sosial Cina dan bahkan pemerintah negara itu tampaknya telah meluncurkan kampanye bersama untuk mempertanyakan asal-usul virus.
Pejabat Cina dan media pemerintah berulang kali menekankan bahwa belum ada kesimpulan tentang asal mula virus itu. Bulan lalu, Zhao Lijian, juru bicara Kementerian Luar Negeri Cina, menulis di Twitter bahwa virus itu berasal dari AS dan dibawa ke Cina oleh militer AS.
Di Cina, makalah penelitian tentang virus corona sudah mengalami lapisan skrining setelah diserahkan ke jurnal akademik Cina, menurut editor di jurnal medis Cina.
Wang Lan, direktur editorial Chinese Journal of Epidemiology, mengatakan semua makalah Covid-19 harus melalui proses persetujuan untuk "topik utama" setelah diserahkan ke jurnalnya.
"Selalu begitu," katanya kepada CNN. "Makalah penelitian harus disetujui oleh tiga level organisasi. Ini proses yang panjang."
Peneliti Cina yang meminta anonimitas mengatakan di bawah pembatasan baru, penelitian virus corona yang bertentangan dengan narasi resmi dapat ditekan oleh Beijing.
"Saya pikir yang penting adalah bahwa komunitas ilmiah internasional harus menyadari bahwa jurnal atau manuskrip apa pun dari lembaga penelitian Cina telah semacam diperiksa ulang oleh pemerintah," kata peneliti itu.
https://tekno.tempo.co/read/1330860/...a/full&view=ok
Presiden China Xi Jinping, mengunjungi sebuah kawasan industri yang memproduksi cetakan dan suku cadang otomotif kelas atas di Ningbo, Provinsi Zhejiang, China timur, 29 Maret 2020. Presiden Xi melakukan inspeksi terhadap proses pelanjutan kembali pekerjaan dan produksi di Zhejiang. Xinhua/Yan Yan
TEMPO.CO, Jakarta - Cina telah memberlakukan pembatasan pada publikasi penelitian akademis tentang asal-usul virus corona baru, menurut arahan pemerintah pusat dan pemberitahuan online yang diterbitkan oleh dua universitas Cina.
Di bawah kebijakan baru itu, semua makalah akademik tentang Covid-19 akan dikenakan pemeriksaan tambahan sebelum dikirim untuk publikasi. Studi tentang asal-usul virus akan menerima pengawasan ekstra dan harus disetujui oleh pejabat pemerintah pusat, menurut posting yang sekarang telah dihapus, sebagaimana dilaporkan CNN, 12 April 2020.
Seorang ahli medis di Hong Kong yang bekerja sama dengan para peneliti Cina daratan mempublikasikan analisis klinis kasus Covid-19 dalam sebuah jurnal medis internasional mengatakan bahwa karyanya tidak menjalani pemeriksaan seperti itu pada bulan Februari.
Peningkatan pengawasan tampaknya merupakan upaya terbaru oleh pemerintah Cina untuk mengendalikan narasi tentang asal-usul pandemi virus corona, yang telah menewaskan lebih dari 100.000 jiwa dan membuat sakit 1,7 juta orang di seluruh dunia sejak pertama kali meletus di kota Wuhan, Cina, Desember lalu.
Sejak akhir Januari, para peneliti Cina telah menerbitkan serangkaian studi Covid-19 di jurnal medis internasional yang berpengaruh. Beberapa temuan tentang kasus-kasus virus corona awal - seperti ketika transisi manusia ke manusia pertama kali muncul - telah menimbulkan pertanyaan pada akun resmi pemerintah tentang wabah itu dan memicu kontroversi di media sosial Tiongkok.
Dan sekarang, otoritas Cina tampaknya memperketat cengkeraman mereka pada publikasi penelitian Covid-19.
Seorang peneliti Tiongkok yang tidak mau disebutkan namanya karena takut akan sanksi mengatakan langkah itu merupakan perkembangan yang mengkhawatirkan yang kemungkinan akan menghambat penelitian ilmiah yang penting.
"Saya pikir ini adalah upaya terkoordinasi dari (pemerintah) Cina untuk mengendalikan narasi, dan menggambarkannya seolah-olah wabah itu tidak berasal di Cina," kata peneliti itu kepada CNN. "Dan saya rasa mereka tidak akan mentolerir studi objektif apa pun untuk menyelidiki asal mula penyakit ini."
Pada akhir Desember, Wuhan melaporkan kasus pertama virus corona, yang dihubungkan oleh pihak berwenang ke pasar makanan laut di kota itu. Para ilmuwan di Cina dan Barat mengatakan virus itu kemungkinan berasal dari kelelawar dan melompat ke manusia dari inang perantara - sama seperti sepupunya yang menyebabkan epidemi SARS pada 2002 dan 2003.
Namun, sebagian media sosial Cina dan bahkan pemerintah negara itu tampaknya telah meluncurkan kampanye bersama untuk mempertanyakan asal-usul virus.
Pejabat Cina dan media pemerintah berulang kali menekankan bahwa belum ada kesimpulan tentang asal mula virus itu. Bulan lalu, Zhao Lijian, juru bicara Kementerian Luar Negeri Cina, menulis di Twitter bahwa virus itu berasal dari AS dan dibawa ke Cina oleh militer AS.
Di Cina, makalah penelitian tentang virus corona sudah mengalami lapisan skrining setelah diserahkan ke jurnal akademik Cina, menurut editor di jurnal medis Cina.
Wang Lan, direktur editorial Chinese Journal of Epidemiology, mengatakan semua makalah Covid-19 harus melalui proses persetujuan untuk "topik utama" setelah diserahkan ke jurnalnya.
"Selalu begitu," katanya kepada CNN. "Makalah penelitian harus disetujui oleh tiga level organisasi. Ini proses yang panjang."
Peneliti Cina yang meminta anonimitas mengatakan di bawah pembatasan baru, penelitian virus corona yang bertentangan dengan narasi resmi dapat ditekan oleh Beijing.
"Saya pikir yang penting adalah bahwa komunitas ilmiah internasional harus menyadari bahwa jurnal atau manuskrip apa pun dari lembaga penelitian Cina telah semacam diperiksa ulang oleh pemerintah," kata peneliti itu.
https://tekno.tempo.co/read/1330860/...a/full&view=ok
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On The Road In Florida: Hard Times, Politics And Smoked Bat
August 7, 20127:00 AM ET
![]()
Hot Rod's BBQ is a family-owned restaurant in Lutz, Fla., that serves a variety of smoked and grilled items — including fruit bat. Dave Lyle, 30, has worked at Hot Rod's since they opened over 15 years ago.
Becky Lettenberger/NPR
Hot Rod's BBQ is hard to miss in somewhat sleepy Lutz, Fla. The yard is littered with folksy, hand-painted sculptures and signs. There's a ramshackle front porch and smoke billowing out the side.
![]()
A smoked fruit bat at Hot Rod's.
Becky Lettenberger/NPR
When I walked in, I was a vegetarian. But then I ate the fruit bat.
We came to Hot Rod's at the end of a long day traveling through Hillsborough County and talking to voters for Morning Edition's series First and Main. Lutz is just north of Tampa, in this county that could be key in deciding the upcoming presidential race.
The restaurant is quite a place: wood paneling, knickknacks galore, a wall of hot sauces and plenty of sass on the menu: You can order "Swamp Salad" or "Red Neck Prime Rib" (Spam).
On a Thursday evening, the place was packed. Rod "Hot Rod" Gaudin wasted no time ordering up a dozen wings with his new "Hot Sticky Sauce." He said he hoped we'd do more eating than talking, and we dove in, trying not to get that sauce all over our microphones.
"There was a time when I was running for public office, I'd love to talk," he said. "Now I'd rather eat."
![]()
Rod and Helen Gaudin run Hot Rod's BBQ.
Becky Lettenberger/NPR
Gaudin unsuccessfully ran for Hillsborough County commissioner three times: as a Democrat in the '80s, unaffiliated in 2002, and as a Republican in 2004 — a swing politician in a county of swing voters. That is, he used to swing. These days he describes himself as a diehard Republican. He said the country has been doing badly with President Obama as the quarterback, and it's time to get someone new in the game
"I'm not in love with that man," he said of GOP presidential candidate Mitt Romney. "But I do know what Obama's done, and I have never in my 60-some years of life had the lack of confidence, the lack of security, the lack of inspiration."
He plans to vote for Romney in November.
Gaudin's wife, Helen, is undecided. She's a registered Democrat, but she voted for Republican John McCain in 2008. "I vote for the person that I feel might do us the best, regardless of what party he comes from," she said. "I don't want Obama and I don't want Romney, so I don't know."
The last few years have had their rough patches for the family. Helen Gaudin lost her job as an insurance customer service representative after 27 years working at the same place. She found a new job, but she says she makes half of what she made a few years ago
![]()
Business is down at Hot Rod's, due in part to the economy. Construction workers used to make up 50 percent of the restaurant's customers, but construction in the region stalled.
Becky Lettenberger/NPR
The economy has also taken a toll on Hot Rod's. "Construction workers were 50 percent of our business," Rod Gaudin said. When construction in the region stalled and workers lost their jobs, "it knocked us between the eyeballs. I'm gonna tell you something: When you don't make money, you don't go out to eat too much. You cut back fast."
Still, as we talked, families piled into the seats at the quirky restaurant. When time came for us to order dinner, despite years of relatively faithful vegetarianism, I got the smoked fruit bat, served over corn bread pudding. I was determined to try it in the name of cultural experience. (Even though, I learned, it's not a Central Florida specialty; it's just something the Gaudins ate while traveling in South America.) Rod Gaudin told me when he first opened, he included it on the menu as a conversation starter, although it holds its own in sales against more recognizable appetizers.
Now, it's been many years since I ate meat, so my palate is probably unrefined in this respect, but here goes: It tasted — you guessed it — like chicken. Maybe closest to dark meat chicken, but a bit more gamy and a bit sweet
![]()
Gaudin said the sweetness comes from soaking the bat in cherry juice so it tastes less wild. I should mention that Gaudin was quite a cutup; when talking about the restaurant's unconventional fare, it was often hard to tell when he was pulling my leg.
As far as I know, I ate a bat, and should you be tempted, be warned that it's not for the faint of heart. It wasn't pretty — it looked like a strange pigeon or a quail. Eating it was a slow and bony undertaking, and there wasn't a lot of meat. But I think it was worth it.
The sauce made it. I would have eaten anything covered in that sauce.
Selena Simmons-Duffin is a production assistant for Morning Edition
Restoran smoked fruit bat amerika
Coba kita main logika:
Negara 1 dominan virus B,
Negara 2 dominan virus A
Negara 3 dominan virus C
Pertanyaannya kenapa jika Negara 1 sumber A, kok A tersingkirkan sdgkan B yg banyak?? Sdgkan Negara 2 yg disebut recipient malah dominan A?? B nya ke mana??
Kuncinya di pasien zero masing2 negara sptnya...
August 7, 20127:00 AM ET
Hot Rod's BBQ is a family-owned restaurant in Lutz, Fla., that serves a variety of smoked and grilled items — including fruit bat. Dave Lyle, 30, has worked at Hot Rod's since they opened over 15 years ago.
Becky Lettenberger/NPR
Hot Rod's BBQ is hard to miss in somewhat sleepy Lutz, Fla. The yard is littered with folksy, hand-painted sculptures and signs. There's a ramshackle front porch and smoke billowing out the side.
A smoked fruit bat at Hot Rod's.
Becky Lettenberger/NPR
When I walked in, I was a vegetarian. But then I ate the fruit bat.
We came to Hot Rod's at the end of a long day traveling through Hillsborough County and talking to voters for Morning Edition's series First and Main. Lutz is just north of Tampa, in this county that could be key in deciding the upcoming presidential race.
The restaurant is quite a place: wood paneling, knickknacks galore, a wall of hot sauces and plenty of sass on the menu: You can order "Swamp Salad" or "Red Neck Prime Rib" (Spam).
On a Thursday evening, the place was packed. Rod "Hot Rod" Gaudin wasted no time ordering up a dozen wings with his new "Hot Sticky Sauce." He said he hoped we'd do more eating than talking, and we dove in, trying not to get that sauce all over our microphones.
"There was a time when I was running for public office, I'd love to talk," he said. "Now I'd rather eat."
Rod and Helen Gaudin run Hot Rod's BBQ.
Becky Lettenberger/NPR
Gaudin unsuccessfully ran for Hillsborough County commissioner three times: as a Democrat in the '80s, unaffiliated in 2002, and as a Republican in 2004 — a swing politician in a county of swing voters. That is, he used to swing. These days he describes himself as a diehard Republican. He said the country has been doing badly with President Obama as the quarterback, and it's time to get someone new in the game
"I'm not in love with that man," he said of GOP presidential candidate Mitt Romney. "But I do know what Obama's done, and I have never in my 60-some years of life had the lack of confidence, the lack of security, the lack of inspiration."
He plans to vote for Romney in November.
Gaudin's wife, Helen, is undecided. She's a registered Democrat, but she voted for Republican John McCain in 2008. "I vote for the person that I feel might do us the best, regardless of what party he comes from," she said. "I don't want Obama and I don't want Romney, so I don't know."
The last few years have had their rough patches for the family. Helen Gaudin lost her job as an insurance customer service representative after 27 years working at the same place. She found a new job, but she says she makes half of what she made a few years ago
Business is down at Hot Rod's, due in part to the economy. Construction workers used to make up 50 percent of the restaurant's customers, but construction in the region stalled.
Becky Lettenberger/NPR
The economy has also taken a toll on Hot Rod's. "Construction workers were 50 percent of our business," Rod Gaudin said. When construction in the region stalled and workers lost their jobs, "it knocked us between the eyeballs. I'm gonna tell you something: When you don't make money, you don't go out to eat too much. You cut back fast."
Still, as we talked, families piled into the seats at the quirky restaurant. When time came for us to order dinner, despite years of relatively faithful vegetarianism, I got the smoked fruit bat, served over corn bread pudding. I was determined to try it in the name of cultural experience. (Even though, I learned, it's not a Central Florida specialty; it's just something the Gaudins ate while traveling in South America.) Rod Gaudin told me when he first opened, he included it on the menu as a conversation starter, although it holds its own in sales against more recognizable appetizers.
Now, it's been many years since I ate meat, so my palate is probably unrefined in this respect, but here goes: It tasted — you guessed it — like chicken. Maybe closest to dark meat chicken, but a bit more gamy and a bit sweet
Gaudin said the sweetness comes from soaking the bat in cherry juice so it tastes less wild. I should mention that Gaudin was quite a cutup; when talking about the restaurant's unconventional fare, it was often hard to tell when he was pulling my leg.
As far as I know, I ate a bat, and should you be tempted, be warned that it's not for the faint of heart. It wasn't pretty — it looked like a strange pigeon or a quail. Eating it was a slow and bony undertaking, and there wasn't a lot of meat. But I think it was worth it.
The sauce made it. I would have eaten anything covered in that sauce.
Selena Simmons-Duffin is a production assistant for Morning Edition
Restoran smoked fruit bat amerika
Coba kita main logika:
Negara 1 dominan virus B,
Negara 2 dominan virus A
Negara 3 dominan virus C
Pertanyaannya kenapa jika Negara 1 sumber A, kok A tersingkirkan sdgkan B yg banyak?? Sdgkan Negara 2 yg disebut recipient malah dominan A?? B nya ke mana??
Kuncinya di pasien zero masing2 negara sptnya...
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